Paragraph 4(2011年山东)

　　So what can you do if you think you may be a textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance. Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out. Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re-learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages. Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication.

　　Ⅱ.Passage Drills

　　.Passage 1

　　According to a weather expert’s prediction in 2006, the atmosphere will be 3℃ warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several metres and severely flooding coastal cities.

　　In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming.

　　However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere (半球), where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded(胜过) those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?

　　One possibility is_________. Scientists at one research station have studied the hot spots and “cold” spots on the sun. As the sun rotates (旋转), it presents hotter or “colder” faces to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This appears to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth’s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also variable over a long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being

　　downward.

　　76. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words)

　　_________________________________________________________________

　　77. Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)

　　_________________________________________________________________

　　78. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

　　So, experts believe that man’s behavior has less effect on the weather than that of the nature till now.

　　_____________________________________________________________________

　　79. Is it significant for us whether the atmosphere will be warmer or colder? Why?(Please answer within 30 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　80. Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.

　　_____________________________________________________________________

　　附：参考答案

　　76. The Causes Affecting Weather/ What Cause Global Warming/ What Contributes to Global warming.

　　77. the changeable behavior of the sun./ the sun’s effect on the earth/ the effect from the sun

　　78. Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man.

　　79. Yes. Because it will have a great effect on the environment on earth, which is very important for us.

　　80. 因为南极较冷且冰层较厚, 所以, 在过去人们主要担心人为全球升温会影响北极

　　教学过程：

　　Step1. 教师设问，引导学生讨论思考各个题型的常规解题方法，落脚到主旨大意题的解题方法：寻找或概括主题句→核心话题加控制性概念→拟定标题

　　Step2.利用学案中的三则段落材料，提出任务：找出三个段落中主题句，鼓励学生讨论，如有疑问，教师给予适当指导。 (前三则材料的主题句分别出现在句首、句尾和句中，即原材料中下划线句子;第四则材料需要概括提炼：How to get rid of textaholic?)

　　Step3.利用核心话题加控制性概念的方法，让学生讨论写出各段落的主旨大意，教师让学生板演出有代表性的答案，并比较点评。

　　参考答案：Paragraph 1: The reason for addiction.

　　Paragraph 2: Advice on collecting antique clocks

　　Paragraph 3: Modern flashlight brings light to dark situations

　　Step4.学生当堂练习，完成Passage 1, 注意提醒学生运用前面涉及到的策略方法。

　　Stap5.讲评答案：

　　注意：1. 除第3题外，其他4题皆宜以板演形式呈现答案，重点要理清各题的思维方法和过程，比如拟标题所依据的主题句是Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?完成句子照应到下文的“sun”话题，属“置前概括”题型 ，翻译题要遵从汉语的表达习惯，将原因状语调到前面。

　　2. 第4 题属于开放问题，宜有代表性地让2—3个同学板演，以展现同学们的不同思维方式，比较语言优劣，是非常好的面批面改的微型书面表达材料。

　　Step6.利用passage 2,进行巩固训练

　　注：passage 2选自2009年山东高考英语阅读表达，与passage 1有诸多的不同之处。从题材上看，passage 1是科普环保类说明文，passage 2是社会人文风情类说明文;passage 1有篇章主旨概括题，passage 2有段落大意归纳题;passage 1的完成句子属置前概括型，passage 2的完成句子属置后总结型;passage 1设有开放性问题，passage 2设有事实性问题。这样组合文章进行训练，是让学生更多接触了解到不同题材文章、不同语言风格、不同设题方法，从而开拓思维，灵活应用。

　　Step7.另选取文章，作为课下作业。

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