正文: 5 直肠癌腹腔镜手术的总结与展望
传统开腹手术一直以来是治疗直肠癌的有效手段及主要方法。其技术成熟,效果稳定,对医疗人员要求传统。但是随着科技的发展,其治疗的弊端诸如手术风险大、术中出血量及术后恢复期长等,给患者带来了不便与痛苦。随着腹腔镜手术在直肠癌中的尝试与应用,可以扬长避短,避免传统开腹手术带来的弊端,同时可以有效的保证患者的治疗效果。
大量的研究表明,直肠癌患者行腹腔镜手术相对传统开腹手术来说,同样具有相当的近期或者远期疗效,而且术中及术后并发症及并发症发生率均无明显差异。通过近30年的腹腔镜手术的发展以及麻醉技术与医疗人员水平的提高,在目前的医疗水平上,直肠癌患者行腹腔镜手术完全可以达到开腹手术的治疗效果。并且具有创伤少、恢复快、疼痛轻、肠胃能力恢复快、机体免疫功能影响小、住院时间短等优点[18]。腹腔镜手术对治疗直肠癌患者是可行的,作为传统开腹手术的一个补充发展技术,与开腹手术比较,值得进一步在临床上应用推广。
由于微创手术相对传统外科手术具有很多独特的有点,所以在未来的医疗科技上,在保证同等治疗效果的前提下,要从微创手术追求到更高的无创手术,这将是一个挑战与趋势。未来的腹腔镜手术随着设备及技术的完善,有望全面超越传统开腹手术,为治疗直肠癌带来一个新的更好的手段。
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